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Lingual Philosophy

Philosophy of language is the study of the nature, origins, and using language. Subject, is language was rational investigation of the nature, source and use of language. Subject, an analysis of the philosophical language of philosophers of the four main issues: the nature, meaning, language and cognitive, language, and the relationship between language and reality. Continental philosophers, however, philosophy of language is often treated, not as a separate, but as part of the logic of history, or policy. (See "continental philosophy, language," below).

First, the philosopher asked the essential meaning of the language, and seek to clarify what is "said" thing. In this context, the nature theme, including synonyms, origin of the same meaning, and how to know what can be really mean never. Another project under this project is of particular interest to philosophers of language analysis of the way, the meaning of complex sentences the full significance of their parts.

Second, they want to understand the relationship between speaker and listener language, and how it is used in society. Certain interests in question, including language learning, creating a language, and works to speak.

Third, she would like to know how to deal with language in the minds of every language and translator. Is particularly interested in the reasons for the success, in other words translated words.

Finally, the survey language and meaning, and their relationship to reality and the world. Philosophers tend to be less concerned about the sentence is actually true, but with any type of meaning can be true or false. May the fact that philosophers of language-oriented, we want to know if this means that this sentence can be true or false, or
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Philosophy

Section two members of the first literary existentialism was important Czech writer Franz Kafka, Fyodor Dostoevsky and Russian. Notes from Dostoevsky's Underground describes a person who can integrate into society and unhappy with the identities created for himself. Jean-Paul Sartre, in his book Existentialism Existentialism is a Humanism, citing Dostoyevsky Brothers Karamazov as an example of an existential crisis. He says Ivan Karamazov who claims that "if God does not exist, everything is permitted." Other novels by Dostoyevsky, covering the issues raised in existential philosophy, presenting a different story lines from the secular existentialism: for example, " Crime and Punishment Raskolnikov hero experiences an existential crisis, and then moves to the position of the Orthodox Christian world is similar to that in Dostoevsky himself.

Kafka has created a surreal and alienated characters who struggle with hopelessness and absurdity, especially the most famous novel, The Metamorphosis, or a new boss, the effort. philosophical essay The Myth of Sisyphus, the French existentialist / Absurd Camus describes the work lives of all of Kafka "essentially irrational" But Dostoevsky finds "a great cry of hope, as expressed by the religious existentialists, like Kierkegaard and Camus rejects Stube.

 

Existentialism

Existentialism applies to the work of several philosophers since the 19th century,  focused generally on the condition of human existence, and emotions, individual actions, liabilities, thoughts, or the meaning or purpose in life. existential philosophers often more focused on what is subjective, such as religious beliefs, individual states, feelings and emotions, such as freedom of guilt, pain and regret, unlike in the analysis of objective knowledge, or science.

Early 19th century philosopher Kierkegaard Major's father was considered existentialism. argued that man is solely responsible for giving meaning to their own life to live life with passion and honesty,Despite many obstacles and distractions as existential despair, misery, absurdity, alienation and boredom.

Existentialist philosophers later to keep the emphasis on the individual, but largely different more or less, how it was achieved and what constitutes a full life, what obstacles to be overcome, and what external and internal factors involved, including possible implications of the existence  or nonexistence of God.  Many existential philosophy is considered traditional or academic routine, both in style and content, as far too abstract and concrete human experience.existentialism was in vogue in the postwar years as a way to reaffirm the importance of human individuality and freedom.

Existentialism is sometimes referred to as continental philosophy, referring to the European continent, unlike the practice in the UK at the time, called analytic philosophy, especially to try to analyze the language